91

A system uses paging with a page size of 2 KB. If a logical address is 5,000 bytes and byte addressing starts at zero, what is its offset within the page??

a 2,048 bytes
b 1,000 bytes
c 904 bytes
d 2,500 bytes
Correct: (C) 904 bytes
Explanation — The page size is 2,048 bytes; 5,000 = 2 × 2,048 + 904, so the remainder is the offset.
92

Which statements about CPU scheduling are correct? Select every correct answer. 1.Non-preemptive scheduling always interrupts a running process when a shorter job arrives 2.Round Robin assigns each ready process a time quantum 3.Aging can help reduce starvation in priority scheduling 4.FCFS can suffer from the convoy effect?

a Only I
b Only II
c All of them
d II,III and Iv
Correct: (D) II,III and Iv
93

A process generates a page fault because its required page is not currently in RAM, but the memory reference is valid. What does the operating system typically do??

a Immediately terminate the process
b Convert the page into a CPU register
c Locate the page on backing storage and arrange to load it
d Disable the process's page table permanently
Correct: (C) Locate the page on backing storage and arrange to load it
Explanation — The OS handles the valid page fault by bringing the needed page into memory, potentially replacing another page if necessary.
94

In a typical multithreaded process, threads share the process's code and global data, while each thread maintains its own stack.?

a True
b False
c -
d -
Correct: (A) True
95

Deadlock can occur only when every process involved is waiting for CPU time.?

a True
b False
c -
d -
Correct: (B) False
96

A system has 4 physical frames available to a process. The process accesses five distinct pages in sequence for the first time, and none of those pages is already in memory. How many page faults occur during these five accesses??

a Four
b Five
c Two
d One
Correct: (B) Five
97

In a system using fixed-priority CPU scheduling, a low-priority process waits for a very long time because higher-priority processes keep getting CPU time. What is this problem called??

a Starvation
b Fragmentation
c Thrashing
d Deadlock
Correct: (A) Starvation
Explanation — Starvation occurs when a process is indefinitely or excessively delayed because other processes keep receiving the needed resource.
98

A system uses segmentation. A program's logical address consists of a segment number and an offset. What does the segment table commonly provide for that segment??

a Only the process's scheduling priority
b The segment's base address and limit
c The page number and page offset only
d Only the current CPU register values
Correct: (B) The segment's base address and limit
99

Two processes each hold one resource and wait for a resource held by the other. Neither can proceed until the other releases its resource. Which deadlock condition is most directly illustrated by this circular dependency??

a Hold and Wait
b Circular Wait
c Mututal Exclusion
d No Preemption
Correct: (B) Circular Wait
100

A context switch may occur when the operating system stops one thread and resumes another, saving and restoring execution state.?

a True
b False
c -
d -
Correct: (A) True